By Edward M. Melendez

Scoring music for documentaries is a unique and challenging endeavor that requires a deep understanding of both the subject matter and the emotional tone of the narrative. Unlike feature films, documentaries often deal with real-life events and stories, which means the music must be carefully crafted to enhance the storytelling without overshadowing the facts. This balance between emotion and authenticity is what makes scoring for documentaries such a fascinating art form.   

One of the primary roles of music in documentaries is to underscore the emotional arc of the story. Whether it’s a heart-wrenching tale of survival or an inspiring account of triumph, the right score can elevate the viewer’s experience, helping to convey the intended emotions more effectively. Music can highlight the highs and lows of the narrative, providing a sonic backdrop that guides the audience through the documentary’s journey.

A great example of this is the work of composer Max Richter on the documentary “Waltz with Bashir.” Richter’s haunting and evocative score beautifully complements the film’s exploration of memory and trauma, enhancing the emotional impact of the visuals. His use of minimalist piano and strings creates a sense of introspection and melancholy, perfectly aligning with the film’s themes.

In addition to supporting the emotional narrative, music in documentaries can also serve to underscore the film’s message or theme. For instance, a documentary about environmental conservation might feature a score that incorporates natural sounds and earthy tones, subtly reinforcing the film’s focus on nature. Similarly, a documentary about social justice might use powerful, stirring music to underscore the urgency and importance of the subject matter.

Philip Glass’s score for the documentary “Koyaanisqatsi” is a masterclass in thematic scoring. The repetitive, almost hypnotic music reflects the film’s meditation on the relationship between humans, nature, and technology. Glass’s score not only supports the visuals but also deepens the viewer’s engagement with the film’s message, making it an integral part of the documentary’s impact.

Another critical aspect of scoring for documentaries is the ability to adapt to different styles and genres. Documentaries cover a vast array of subjects, from historical events to personal biographies, and each requires a unique musical approach. A historical documentary might benefit from a classical orchestral score, while a contemporary documentary might call for modern electronic sounds. The versatility of a composer in handling various musical styles is crucial in creating scores that resonate with the specific tone and context of each documentary.

The collaborative nature of documentary filmmaking also plays a significant role in the scoring process. Composers must work closely with directors, editors, and producers to ensure that the music aligns with the overall vision of the film. This collaboration often involves multiple revisions and feedback sessions, as the score is fine-tuned to match the pacing and emotional beats of the documentary.

In some cases, the music itself can become a central element of the documentary. The film “Score: A Film Music Documentary” is a perfect example, where the music not only supports the narrative but also becomes the subject of the documentary itself. Featuring interviews with renowned composers and showcasing the process of creating film scores, the documentary highlights the importance of music in storytelling and offers a behind-the-scenes look at the craft of scoring.

Ultimately, the art of scoring music for documentaries lies in the ability to create a musical landscape that enhances the viewer’s connection to the story. It’s about finding the right balance between emotion and authenticity, ensuring that the music supports the narrative without overpowering it. Whether through subtle underscores or powerful thematic motifs, a well-crafted score can transform a documentary into a profound and unforgettable experience.

As we continue to see the evolution of documentary filmmaking, the role of music remains as vital as ever. From intimate character studies to sweeping historical epics, the power of a great score can elevate the documentary form, adding depth, emotion, and resonance to the stories that shape our world. Through the lens of music, documentaries can reach new heights, offering audiences a richer and more immersive viewing experience.